Amazinga wokushaja imoto kagesi: Odinga ukukwazi

Amazinga wokushaja imoto kagesi: Odinga ukukwazi

Ukusuka emagalaji kaphethiloli kuye eziteshini zokushaja kuyindlela entsha yabanikazi bezimoto zikagesi (EV) yokugcwalisa izimoto zabo. Sezadlula izinsuku lapho wawukwazi ukuvele udonsele empompini yegesi, uxhume i-nozzle, bese ugcwalisa ngamaminithi. Ukukhetha ishaja efanele nokujwayela isivinini sokushaja esihlukile kudinga umbono omusha ngengqalasizinda yokushaja i-EV.

Ukuqonda amazinga ahlukene wokushaja ama-EV nokuthi angashaja ngokushesha kangakanani imoto yakho kubalulekile. Njengoba nje kunamazinga ahlukene kaphethiloli, kunamazinga amathathu wokushaja we-EV: Ileveli 1, ileveli 2, kanye ne-DC Fast Charging. Ileveli ngayinye inokukhipha amandla okuhlukile nesikhathi sokushaja, futhi ukukhetha esifanele kuncike ezidingweni zakho, indawo, nokuhambisana kwemoto.

Ukushaja ileveli 1

Ukushaja kweleveli 1 kusebenzisa i-outlet yasendlini evamile (120V, ngokuvamile enepulaki le-NEMA 5-15) ukushaja imoto kagesi. Iwuhlobo olunensa kakhulu lokushaja kwe-EV futhi ngokuvamile lusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuhlala, ngokuvamile ngabashayeli abangashayeli amabanga amade nsuku zonke noma abanokufinyelela ekushajeni ebusuku. Le ndlela iguqula amandla e-AC ukusuka kugridi ukuya kwamandla akhona ngaphakathi kwemoto ngeshaja engaphakathi.

Kudingeka Izisetshenziswa Zokushaja

Impahla eyinhloko edingekayo ekushajweni kweLeveli 1 ikhebula le-Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE) elivame ukuza nemoto, kodwa ungakwazi ukuhlola izinketho ezengeziwe ohlwini lwethuAmashaja eLeveli 1 EV. Le khebula yokushaja ixhunywa ku-outlet yasendlini evamile bese ixhunywa embotsheni yokushaja yemoto.

Ikhono lokushaja nesikhathi esidingekayo

Amashaja eLeveli 1 anika amandla aphuma ku-1.4 kW kuya ku-1.9 kW, angengeza ibanga elingamamayela angu-3 kuya ku-5 ngehora lokushaja. Kumabhethri amakhulu, ukushajwa okugcwele kusetshenziswa iLeveli 1 kungathatha amahora angama-20 kuye kwangama-40.

Ubuhle nobubi

• Izinzuzo: Ukushaja ileveli 1 kuyafinyeleleka, kuyabiza, futhi akudingi okokusebenza okukhethekile noma ukufakwa. Ilungele abanikazi be-EV abanezidingo eziphansi zokushayela zansuku zonke.
• Ububi: I-drawback eyinhloko ijubane lokushaja elihamba kancane, eliyenza ingafaneleki kubashayeli bebanga elide noma labo abadinga ukushajwa njalo, okusheshayo.

Umthelela Empilweni Yebhethri

Ukushaja kweleveli 1 kuba mnene ebhethrini le-EV ngenxa yokukhishwa kwamandla aphansi. Lokhu kushaja okunensayo, okuqinile kungasiza ukulondoloza impilo yebhethri ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kwehlise ukuguga okubangelwa ukushajwa ngokushesha.

Ukushaja Level 2

Ukushaja okuleveli 2 wuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokushaja ekhaya naseziteshini zokushaja zomphakathi. Isebenza ngo-240V futhi ishaja ngokushesha kakhulu kuneleveli 1. Amashaja e-Level 2 EV angaxhunywa ngokuqinile kusistimu kagesi yasekhaya lakho noma axhunywe ku-NEMA 14-50 yokuphumayo. Angatholakala nasezindaweni zokusebenza, ezinxanxatheleni zezitolo, nasemashajani omphakathi.

Izisetshenziswa ezidingekayo

Isiteshi sokushaja esizinikezele sikaLeveli 2 esixhunywe ku-240V yokuphuma siyadingeka. Lokhu kungase kubize ngaphezulu ukufaka njengoba kungase kudingeke isevisi kagesi ekhethekile.

Ikhono lokushaja nesikhathi

Iziteshi zokushaja ze-Level 2 EV ngokuvamile zikhipha u-3.3 kW kuya ku-19.2 kW futhi zishaja amamayela angu-12 kuya kwangu-60 ngehora lokushaja kuye ngemoto. Izikhathi zokushaja ezigcwele amahora ama-4 kuye kwayi-8, ngakho-ke kuhle ukushaja ebusuku noma ukugcwalisa emini.

Ubuhle nobubi

• Okuhle:Izikhathi zokushaja ezisheshayo zenza iLeveli 2 ibe yinhle ukusetshenziswa ekhaya nasemphakathini. Ilungele ukushaja nsuku zonke futhi inciphisa ukukhathazeka kwebanga.
• Ububi:Ukufakwa kwemishini yokushaja yezinga 2 kungabiza ikakhulukazi uma kudingeka ukuthuthukiswa kukagesi wasekhaya. Iziteshi zokushaja zingase zingajwayelekile ezindaweni zasemaphandleni.

Impilo Yebhethri

Ukushaja ileveli 2 kuyashesha kuneleveli 1 kodwa noma kunjalo, ukushaja okulawulwayo okungacindezeli kangako ibhethri kunokushaja okusheshayo kwe-DC. Ukusebenzisa ishaja ye-Level 2 EV njalo kuphephile kubhethri le-EV.

Ukushaja Ileveli 3 (Ukushaja Ngokushesha kwe-DC)

Ukushaja kweleveli 3, okubuye kwaziwe ngokuthi yi-DC Fast Charging, eyokushaja ngokushesha futhi ngokuvamile itholakala eziteshini zokushaja zezentengiselwano nezomphakathi emigwaqweni emikhulu noma ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi. Ngokungafani namaleveli 1 no-2 aletha amandla e-AC, amashaja eLeveli 3 aletha amandla e-DC emotweni, edlula isiguquli esisebhodini ukuze ishaje ngokushesha.

Izisetshenziswa Zokushaja Ziyadingeka

Iziteshi zokushaja ezisheshayo ze-DC zidinga okokusebenza okukhethekile namandla kagesi amaningi kakhulu kunendawo yokuhlala ngakho zifanelekela kuphela iziteshi zokushaja ezentengiso nezomphakathi. Lawa mashaja asebenzisa izixhumi ezifana ne-Combined Charging System (CCS) noma i-CHAdeMO ehambisana nama-EV amaningi kodwa amanye afana noTesla anezinhlobo zawo zokuxhuma zokuphathelene.

Kodwa-ke, uTesla usanda kuvula inethiwekhi yabo ye-Supercharger nge-North American Charging Standard (NACS) ukuze ukhethe izimoto zikagesi ze-Ford, i-Rivian ne-GM. Ama-EV anikwe amandla ama-CCS angafinyelela ku-v3 kanye ne-v4 Supercharger Vula ku-NACS nge- I-adaptha ye-NACS. Abakhiqizi abaningi bazojoyina umfelandawonye we-NACS ezinyangeni ezizayo.

Ukushaja Amandla nesikhathi

Ukushaja okusheshayo kwe-DC kunganikeza amandla angu-50 kW kuya ku-350 kW, angashaja imoto kagesi ukuya ku-80% emizuzwini engu-20 ukuya kwengama-40, kuye ngomthamo weshaja nosayizi webhethri. Ama-Supercharger akwaTesla anganikeza amandla afinyelela kwangu-250 kW ezimotweni zakwaTesla.

Ubuhle nobubi

• Okuhle:Ukushaja Ngokushesha kwe-DC kuyashesha kakhulu kunamaLeveli 1 no-2, futhi kukulungele ukuhamba amabanga amade noma ukugcwalisa ngokushesha ohambweni lomgwaqo. Yehlisa isikhathi sokushaja sibe ngaphansi kwehora.
• Ububi:I-drawback eyinhloko yizindleko. Ukushaja Ngokushesha kwe-DC kubiza kakhulu kuneLeveli 2 futhi ukushaja okusheshayo okuvamisile kungayiqeda ibhethri ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Impilo Yebhethri

Nakuba Ukushaja kwe-DC kulungele ukushajwa kabusha okusheshayo, ukusetshenziswa njalo kuvumela ukushaja okusheshayo okuzoguga ibhethri le-EV ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Sebenzisa yethu Amashaja e-Tesla level 2noma Amashaja e-SAE J1772nsuku zonke, ukushaja okunensayo ukuze kunwebe impilo yebhethri namashaja asheshayo e-DC kuphela uma kudingeka.

Ukuqhathaniswa Kwamazinga Okushaja

Izici Zokukhetha Izinga lokushaja

Izintandokazi Nezidingo Zomshayeli we-EV

Izinga lokushaja lincike kakhulu ekutheni umshayeli we-EV ushayela kangaki futhi kude kangakanani. Kubagibeli bansuku zonke abashajayo ekhaya, ileveli 1 noma ileveli 2 yanele. Kulabo abashayela amabanga amade noma abadinga ama-top-ups asheshayo, i-DC Fast Charging iyindlela okufanele bahambe ngayo.

Ukushaja Ekhaya vs Ukushaja Komphakathi

Ukushaja kwasekhaya ngeLeveli 1 nomaAmashaja ohlobo 2yonga kakhulu futhi ilungele ukushaja nsuku zonke. Noma kunjalo, ukushaja komphakathi, ikakhulukazi i-DC Fast Charging, kuyadingeka ohambweni olude nalabo abahlala ezindaweni zasemadolobheni ngaphandle kwengqalasizinda yokushaja ekhaya.

Ukushaja Indawo Yomsebenzi

Iziteshi zokushaja zasemsebenzini, okuyiLevel 2, ziyavela. Lokhu kunikeza abasebenzi indlela elula yokushaja ama-EV abo phakathi namahora okusebenza, ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka kwebanga, futhi kwenze ubunikazi be-EV busebenze kakhudlwana.

Ingqalasizinda yokushaja

Ingqalasizinda yokushaja iwukhiye ekwamukelweni kwe-EV. Ukwandisa iziteshi zokushaja ezisheshayo ze-Level 2 kanye ne-DC, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemakhaya nasemaphaseji omgwaqo omkhulu, kubalulekile kubashayeli be-EV nokwenza abantu abaningi bashintshele ezimotweni zikagesi.

Ukutholwa Kwemoto Kagesi

Ukukhathazeka Okuhlukahlukene

Fast and okuthembekile Level 2 futhiUkushaja okusheshayo kwe-DCukusiza ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka kwebanga ukukhathazeka okukhulu kwabashayeli be-EV. Ukwazi iziteshi zokushaja ziyatholakala ohambweni olude kwenza ubunikazi be-EV buthandeke kakhulu.

Ukunethezeka Nokushaja Kalula

Ukuba namaleveli amaningi wokushaja ngokusekelwe endaweni nesidingo kwenza ubunikazi be-EV bube lula kakhulu. Shaja ekhaya ebusuku noma khokhisa ngokushesha eziteshini zomphakathi ohambweni olude.

Ukubona Ingqalasizinda Yokushaja

Ukubona ingqalasizinda eshajayo kuwumthelela omkhulu wokwamukelwa kwemoto kagesi. Ukuqwashisa umphakathi ngezinketho zokushaja ezinokwethenjelwa, ezisheshayo nezifinyelelekayo kwenza abangaba abathengi bacabangele ama-EV njengenye indlela esebenzayo kunezimoto ezisebenza ngophethiloli.

Izinqubomgomo Zikahulumeni Nemihlomulo

Izinqubomgomo zikahulumeni ezisekela ukukhula kwengqalasizinda eshaja i-EV njengezibonelelo zokufakwa kweziteshi ezishajayo kanye nemihlomulo yabathengi be-EV zibalulekile ekuqhubekiseni ukutholwa kwe-EV. Lezi zinqubomgomo zivame ukufaka ukutshalwa kwezimali kuLeveli 2 kanye neziteshi zokushaja ezisheshayo ze-DC ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi.

Isiphetho

Ukuqonda amaleveli okushaja kwe-EV kubalulekile kubo bobabili abanikazi be-EV bamanje nabazayo. Ukukhetha phakathi kokushajwa kweLeveli 1, 2, kanye no-3 kuncike ezidingweni zansuku zonke zomshayeli, ingqalasizinda etholakalayo, izindleko zokuyifaka, nokuhambisana kwemoto. Njengoba ama-EV esetshenziswa kakhulu, ingqalasizinda eshajayo izokwenza ubunikazi be-EV bulungele wonke umuntu.